Headstock
This part of the guitar called the headstock is at the end of the neck opposite to its body. Generally the headstock is used to support the tuning pegs wich are used to tighten the strings.
Headstocks come in many different shapes depending on the guitar type and brand. The brand of the guitar is usually displayed on the headstock.
Frets or Fretboard
Frets are the ridges or bars that sit on the fingerboard or the neck of the guitar. When we depress the string with our fingers at the metal part of the bar it will change the pitch of the note. These frets are arranged on the guitar to produce specific pitches.
Machineheads
The machine heads are also known as tuning pegs and are found at the headstock of the guitar. Their purpose is to tighten or loosen the strings on your guitar. We tighten and loosen strings so that we can tune the guitar to our desired pitch.
Bridge
This part of the guitar is found down on the body. The bridges function is to hold the guitar strings in place, it also transmits the string vibrations to the top of the guitar to the intruments pickups or soundboards. Acoustic guitars usually have wooden bridges and electric guitars have metal ones.